17.8 C
New York
Monday, October 2, 2023
                                      
The English language was brought to England.  Here is a brief summary of how it
happened:   When the Romans left England,
leaving the native Celts defenseless, 
four German tribes — the Angles, the Jutes,  the Saxons, and the Frisians — took this
opportunity to invade England and established their kingdom.  The Celts, defeated by the overwhelming power
of the four German tribes,  moved to
Scotland, Ireland and France, leaving the main land to the Germans.
They called it Engla-land or “the land of the Angles” — named
after the most formidable of the four tribes, the Angles.  After several hundred years of rule, France
invaded England and established its rule for 400 years.  Just like the Romans who introduced Latin in
England, the French introduced 1000s of their words in English. The English
began to add several thousand words to their language.   After the French relinquished their
stronghold on England, the rulers of England grouped together and began to
colonize countries outside of England. 
Several countries in Africa, Asia, 
and in the Americas were colonized.  
As they began to spread, the English language was introduced in those
countries and, many words from other languages were incorporated.   Gradually, the English language became
dominant and official in many colonized countries.
So, the English language we speak is deeply rooted in German.  It still keeps growing, borrowing and
expanding.  Right now, it is the most
dominant, highly diverse, and widely spoken language in the world.   Now, let us see the way in which the English
language grows.
                                    BORROWED WORDS:

One way to add
words is to borrow words from other languages.

Examples: The word “Boss” entered the English language as a
borrowed word from Dutch language.
                 
More
examples below:

                        Lesson                         =          French
                        Pizza                            =          Italian
                        Tank                            =          Gujarati
                        Democracy                   =          Greek
                        Mango                          =          Tamil
                        Rogue                          =          Sinhalese (Sri Lanka)
                        Guitar                           =          Spanish
                        Tsunami                        =          Japanese
                        Calendar,
Data              =          Latin
                        Vodka  `                       =          Russian
                        Pistol                            =          Czechoslovakia
                        Paper, Ivory                  =          Egyptian
                        Cannibal                       =          Caribbean
                                              CLIPPED WORDS:

Many of the
words in the English language are shortened forms of longer words.

                        Examples:    
                      LONG FORM                                       CLIPPED
FORM
                       
                        Pantaloons                                =                      Pants
                        Cabriolet                                   =                      Cab
                        Gasoline                                   =                      Gas
                        Public House                            =                      Pub
                        Professional                              =                      Pro
                        Popular
(Music)                         =                      Pop
                        Fabulous                                  =                      Fab
                        Abdominal
Muscles                  =                      Abs
                        Luncheon                                 =                      Lunch
                        Typographical
error                    =                      Typos
                      Varsity                                       =                   University
                        Fanatic                                     =                      Fan
                        Gymnasium                              =                      Gym
                                BLEND
WORDS:
Another way of adding
words to our English language is to take two words and crunch it.  The new word that is formed if called
“Blend Word”.  Notice below
that some letters are dropped in the process.
            sweep             +          wipe                             =
swipe
            slovenly           +          language                      = slang
            by                   +          cause                          =
because
            picture            +          element                        = pixel
            breakfast        +          lunch                            =
brunch
            motor              +          hotel                            =
motel
            odor                +          nil                                =
Odonil
            bang               +          smash                         =
mash
            haggle            +          tussle                          =
hassle
            flame              +          glare                           =
flare
            parachute       +          troop                           =
paratroop(s)
            modulator       +          demodulator                = modem
                               ACRONYMS:
A few words are made by
combining the first letters of words in a pharse.  These shortened words formed from the initial
letters are called acronyms.  There are
100s are acronyms in the English language. 
You can make your own acronyms.
            AKA                                       =          Also Known As
            CNN                                       =
         Cable News Network
            VIN                                        =
   Vehicle Identification Number
            DVD                                      =          Digital Video Disk
            FAQ                                      =       Frequently Asked Question
            COP                                      =
         Constable On Patrol
            AWOL                                    =          Absent Without Leave
            DUI                                        =      Driving Under Influence 
                                                                (after consuming
alcohol)
            OJT                                        =          On Job Training
            DOA                                       =          Dead On Arrival
            AAMOF                                  =          As A Matter Of Fact
            ASL                                        = Age Sex Location (chatroom)
            ASAP                                     =          As Soon As Possible
            AWA                                       =
         As Well As
            TT                                           =  Transaction Time (call center)
            RFI                                         =          Request For Information
            MAN                                       =       Metropolitan Area Network
            FEL                                        =          Foreign Exchange Line
            HCA                                        =          Health Care Assistant
            CTS                                        =Computerized TomographyScan
                          COMPOUND
WORDS:
A compound word is made by
putting two words together without changing the spellings.
     COMPOUND WORD                                               NEW
WORD
Bar                  +          Tender                                    =          bartender
Eye                 +          Lid                                          =          eyelid
Air                   +          Liner                                       =          airliner
Sun                 +          Set                                          =          sunset
Week              +          End                                         =          weekend
Table              +          Cloth                                        =         tablecloth
Lap                 +          Top                                          =          laptop
Lip                   +          Stick                                       =          lipstick
Grave              +          Yard                                        =       graveyard
Door               +          Mat                                          =         doormat
Day                 +          Dream                                     =        daydream
After                +          Birth                                        =
         afterbirth
In                     +          Hale                                       =          inhale
Life                  +          Guard                                     =          lifeguard
Sand               +          Paper                                     =       sandpaper

WORDS
MADE FROM NAMES AND PLACES:
Many
times, the name of a famous person or place becomes a word. 
NAME/PLACE                                      NEW
WORD
Captain
Charles Boycott                           Boycott
Americo
Vespucci                                    America
River
“Adobe Creek”                                 Adobe
The
company financier’s
daughter
name                                          Mercedes
Louis
Braille                                     `        Braille
Earl of
Sandwich                                       Sandwich
Rudolf
Diesel                                            Diesel
Joseph
Guillotin                                        Guillotin
Mary,
Queen of England                           Bloody
Mary
John Duns
Scotus                                    Dunce
Charles
Lynch                                           Lynch
Archibald
Spooner                                    Spoonerism
George
Washington                                 Washington
Muhammed
Bin Saud                              Saudi
Arabia
Gabriel
Fahrenheit                                    Fahrenheit
James
Watt                                               Watt
            
 More on “how the English
language grows will continue………”
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